A student’s MCAS achievement levels tell us how well they have mastered grade-level standards in a given year. In contrast, the Student Growth Percentile (SGP) indicates how much a student has improved from one year to the next. Together, these measures give a more complete picture of a student’s knowledge and learning.
A Student Growth Percentile is a measure of relative performance that compares a student’s current MCAS score to the scores of students with similar MCAS history. Academic peers are identified by using up to two years of historical MCAS scaled scores. These students are from across the state and represent a variety of demographic groups, including race/ethnicity, income, educational programs (sheltered English immersion, special education), and gender. The use of a statistical procedure, called quantile regression, allows for the comparison of students with similar score histories to determine their relative performance on a normative scale. This makes it possible to identify a student’s percentile rank on the normalized scale and therefore, their SGP.
The SGP provides a useful tool to help students, families, and educators understand how they are improving over time, compared to their academic peers across the state. Compared to the traditional achievement report, which only shows a snapshot in time, the SGP helps students and families identify growth trends over a longer period of time. In addition, the SGP can be used to identify areas where improvement is needed by schools and districts.
SGPs are also used to analyze average growth across a school, district, and/or demographic group. For example, the MCAS Results by Student Group page of School and District Profiles provides the opportunity to explore trends in SGP by student group such as socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, gender, and educational program (sheltered English immersion or special education).
Unlike traditional achievement reports that provide an instant snapshot of a single point in time, SGPs are calculated over a span of up to two years. This helps teachers and parents gain a better understanding of a student’s progress in reading and mathematics, as opposed to just reporting the student’s achievement level.
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